Polygon blockchain is a Layer 2 scaling solution for Ethereum that aims to address scalability issues while maintaining Ethereum's security. It enhances transaction throughput, reduces fees, and provides a faster user experience. Polygon leverages technologies like Plasma, Optimistic Rollups, and ZK-Rollups to enable Ethereum-compatible blockchains to scale efficiently. It allows developers to build decentralized applications (dApps) with minimal latency and lower costs while benefiting from the security and decentralization of the Ethereum network.