The Smith and Wesson 639 is a pistol that represents a turning point in firearm design during the 1980s. Combining a rugged stainless-steel construction with the proven double-action/single-action mechanism, this semi-automatic handgun became a trusted companion for both law enforcement and civilian shooters. Known for its durability, balanced handling, and reliable performance, the Smith and Wesson 639 continues to attract collectors and shooting enthusiasts decades after its release.
This review explores the history, design features, ergonomics, performance, and overall reliability of the Smith and Wesson 639, providing a detailed perspective for those who want to understand why this model still matters in today’s firearms landscape.
A Brief History of the Smith and Wesson 639
The Smith and Wesson 639 was introduced in the early 1980s as part of the company’s “Second Generation” semi-automatic pistols. It was a stainless-steel version of the earlier Model 39, which had already established a solid reputation as one of the first American-made 9mm semi-automatic pistols to see widespread law enforcement use.
When the Smith and Wesson 639 entered the market, the firearms industry was experiencing a shift from revolvers to semi-automatic handguns. Agencies and individual shooters were looking for pistols with higher capacity, improved durability, and modern safety features. The 639 answered that call. Its stainless-steel frame made it more resistant to corrosion, its double-action/single-action system offered both safety and quick follow-up shots, and its reputation for smooth cycling and easy maintenance helped it gain immediate traction.
Design and Build Quality
The Smith and Wesson 639 stands out for its all-stainless construction, which gives it a distinctive weight and a solid feel in the hand. This pistol is chambered in 9x19mm Parabellum, a caliber known for its balance of power and manageable recoil. The fixed barrel design and solid frame contribute to the pistol’s impressive accuracy for its era.
One of the most appealing aspects of the Smith and Wesson 639 is its craftsmanship. During this period, Smith & Wesson took pride in precision machining and careful assembly. The 639 reflects that dedication: its slide runs smoothly along the frame rails, the trigger pull is crisp in single-action mode, and the safety mechanisms are robust. The ambidextrous safety/decocker lever located on the slide is easy to manipulate, making it suitable for both left- and right-handed shooters.
The pistol features a traditional DA/SA trigger system. The first trigger pull in double action is longer and heavier, adding an extra layer of safety when carrying with a round in the chamber. Subsequent shots are fired in single-action mode with a shorter, lighter trigger pull. This combination was considered state-of-the-art at the time and still holds up well today.
Ergonomics and Handling
Ergonomics play a major role in how a firearm performs in real-world use, and the Smith and Wesson 639 excels in this area. The grip design is classic, with gently curved lines that fit comfortably in most hands. The checkered grip panels provide a secure hold without being overly aggressive.
Although the 639 is heavier than many modern polymer-framed handguns, that weight helps tame recoil and allows for faster target re-acquisition. Shooters often comment on how balanced the pistol feels, especially during controlled pairs or rapid-fire drills.
The slide serrations are deep enough to ensure a solid grip when racking the slide, and the sights—typically a three-dot configuration—are clear and easy to align. While they may not match today’s high-visibility fiber-optic or tritium options, they remain functional and effective.
Trigger Performance
The trigger on the Smith and Wesson 639 is one of its standout features. In double-action mode, the pull is deliberate but smooth, ideal for a first defensive shot. In single-action, it breaks cleanly with minimal creep, allowing for accurate follow-up shots. For shooters accustomed to striker-fired triggers, the DA/SA system may take some practice, but once mastered, it offers both safety and precision.
The reset is tactile and audible, which aids in rapid shooting and precise control. While aftermarket trigger work can make it even smoother, the stock trigger is already impressive by service pistol standards of its time.
Accuracy and Range Performance
Accuracy is one of the reasons the Smith and Wesson 639 remains respected today. Thanks to its solid steel construction, stable barrel fit, and manageable recoil impulse, it performs exceptionally well on the range. From benchrest positions or off-hand shooting, it consistently produces tight groups at typical self-defense distances of 7 to 15 yards.
Even at 25 yards, skilled shooters can maintain solid accuracy. The weight and balance make it easier to keep the sights on target through each shot cycle. While the pistol was designed primarily for service and defense rather than competition, its inherent accuracy is more than sufficient for most practical applications.
Reliability and Durability
Reliability is a crucial factor for any firearm, and the Smith and Wesson 639 delivers. Known for its ability to cycle a wide range of 9mm ammunition—including standard pressure and +P loads—it earned a reputation as a dependable sidearm. The stainless-steel frame and slide resist corrosion, making it suitable for duty use in various environmental conditions.
Field stripping and cleaning are straightforward, and the internal parts are robust and well-fitted. Many owners report thousands of rounds fired through their 639 pistols without significant issues. This level of reliability is a major reason the model has remained popular among collectors and those who appreciate classic service pistols.
Carry and Concealability
Although the Smith and Wesson 639 was primarily designed as a service pistol, it can be carried concealed with the right holster. However, its all-steel construction makes it heavier than modern concealed-carry options. Shooters who prefer lightweight polymer pistols may find the 639 a bit cumbersome for all-day carry.
That said, for those who value a stable, accurate platform and are comfortable with the added weight, it can make an excellent carry gun. The manual safety/decocker and double-action first shot provide additional peace of mind for those who carry with a round chambered.
Maintenance and Upkeep
Maintaining the Smith and Wesson 639 is relatively simple. Field stripping involves removing the magazine, locking the slide to the rear, aligning the slide stop with the takedown notch, and pulling out the slide stop lever. From there, the slide can be removed, and the barrel and recoil spring assembly are easily accessible for cleaning.
Because the pistol uses high-quality materials, it withstands regular shooting and cleaning without excessive wear. Replacement parts can still be found through specialty dealers, and aftermarket grips and sights allow some customization. Proper lubrication and occasional inspection are typically all that’s needed to keep the 639 running smoothly for years.
Comparison with Modern Pistols
When compared to modern handguns, the Smith and Wesson 639 reveals how far firearm technology has evolved—and how some principles remain timeless. Modern pistols often feature polymer frames, higher capacities, and accessory rails. They tend to be lighter and easier to carry.
However, the 639 still holds its own in terms of shootability, trigger quality, and accuracy. Its stainless-steel construction offers a level of durability many polymer guns can’t match. While it may not have the modularity or accessory support of today’s designs, it remains a classic example of excellent engineering and craftsmanship.
Collectibility and Value
The Smith and Wesson 639 has become a sought-after collectible for firearm enthusiasts. Its historical significance, stainless-steel build, and proven performance make it an attractive option for anyone looking to own a piece of firearm history. Well-maintained examples retain their value well and, in some cases, appreciate over time.
Collectors appreciate the model not just for its performance but for what it represents—a transitional era when American law enforcement was moving from revolvers to semi-automatic pistols. The 639 stands as a symbol of that change, bridging the gap between old and new.
Pros of the Smith and Wesson 639
Durable all-stainless-steel construction
Excellent trigger in both DA and SA modes
Reliable operation with various ammunition types
Good accuracy and manageable recoil
Classic design with collector appeal
Cons of the Smith and Wesson 639
Heavier than modern polymer pistols
Lower magazine capacity compared to today’s standards
Limited accessory compatibility
Bulkier for concealed carry
Final Verdict
The Smith and Wesson 639 is more than just a vintage firearm—it’s a proven, well-designed, and reliable pistol that continues to impress even decades after its introduction. Its solid construction, dependable performance, and classic ergonomics make it a favorite among shooters who value quality over trends. While it may not offer the capacity or modularity of modern pistols, it delivers a shooting experience that remains smooth, accurate, and enjoyable.
For those who appreciate traditional craftsmanship, the Smith and Wesson 639 is a worthy addition to any collection. Whether you plan to shoot it regularly or simply admire its place in firearm history, this pistol represents a golden era of American handgun design. And if you’re considering purchasing one today, checking trusted platforms like GunsAmerica is a smart place to start your search.
